Thermal Power Plant
A thermal power plant refers to a thermal power plant that uses steam extraction or exhaust steam from a steam turbine to provide heat to users while generating electricity. The main working principle is to use the hot water after the thermal power plant generates electricity, and heat it after reheating.
Since thermal power plants both generate electricity and heat, the boiler capacity is larger than that of thermal power plants of the same scale. Thermal power plants must have more boiler capacity than general thermal power plants for backup, and the water treatment capacity is also large. A thermal power plant must be close to the heat load center, and is often the center of a town in a densely populated area. Its water use, land acquisition, demolition, and environmental protection requirements are much higher than those of a thermal power plant with the same capacity. At the same time, a heat pipe network is also built.
Thermal power plant operating characteristics
The operation characteristics of thermal power plants based on combined heat and power generation are related to many factors, such as heat load characteristics, heat supply unit form, and characteristics of connecting to the grid.
In a thermal power plant equipped with a back pressure heating unit, its operating characteristics are:
①The heat produced and the electricity are mutually restricted and cannot be adjusted independently. Generally, the electrical load is adjusted according to the heat load requirement.
② When the heat load changes, the electric power will change accordingly, and it is difficult to meet the heat load and electric load requirements at the same time. When the electrical load cannot be met, the compensation capacity of the power system must be relied on to bear the insufficient power generated by the thermal power plant.
In thermal power plants equipped with steam extraction and condensing steam heating units, since the unit is equivalent to a combination of back pressure and condensing steam units, its operating characteristics are:
① There is a certain degree of freedom in heat and electricity production, and the heat and electricity loads can be adjusted independently within the specified range. Therefore, it has greater adaptability to changes in heat and electricity loads.
②The double-extraction heating unit has a larger independent adjustment range between industrial heat, heating and electric loads, so it is more adaptable to changes in heat and electric loads.
In thermal power plants equipped with back pressure and extraction steam heating units
The operating characteristics are that the back pressure units are put into operation during the heating period in winter, and the extraction steam units are put into operation in summer, and the back pressure units are deactivated. Compression unit. This improves the operating economy of the thermal power plant.
In thermal power plants equipped with extraction steam heating units and industrial boilers
In addition to the operating characteristics of extraction steam heating units, industrial boilers can also be put into operation to meet the needs of peak heat loads. This increases the benefits of cogeneration and district heating.
In the factory-owned thermal power plants, back-pressure heating units and industrial boilers are generally used.
The operating characteristics are: the back-pressure units are used for a long time in a year to meet the heat load and electrical load of the factory, and in peak heat When the load appears, it will be put into industrial boiler operation. If the demand for electric load cannot be met at this time, it will be compensated by the compensation capacity of the power system.
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